前言
neo4j 是一款开源的图式数据库
什么是图：
由节点与关系构成的集合
A graph is composed of two elements: a node and a relationship. Each node represents an entity (a person, place, thing, category or other piece of data), and each relationship represents how two nodes are associated. This general-purpose structure allows you to model all kinds of scenarios – from a system of roads, to a network of devices, to a population’s medical history or anything else defined by relationships
什么是图式数据库:
管理图元素 CRUD 的软件系统
A graph database is an online database management system with Create, Read, Update and Delete (CRUD) operations working on a graph data model
neo4j 是一款优秀的图式数据库
Neo4j is a highly scalable, robust, native graph database
根据图数据库处理的对象特性，就很容易知道它的应用场景，最常见的就是人物关系的数据管理
这里演示一下如何构建 neo4j
参考 Get Started
Tip: 当前的版本为 neo4j-community-3.4.0
操作
系统环境
代码语言：javascript
代码运行次数：
运行
复制
[root@h171 ~]# hostnamectl Static hostname: h171 Icon name: computer-vm Chassis: vm Machine ID: d46f9440d4be429ea66b726977adf233 Boot ID: b285f5a2d43e4b02849c7b267e307993 Virtualization: kvm Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core) CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:centos:centos:7 Kernel: Linux 3.10.0-862.2.3.el7.x86_64 Architecture: x86-64[root@h171 ~]# ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 52:54:00:c9:c7:04 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 10.0.2.15/24 brd 10.0.2.255 scope global noprefixroute dynamic eth0 valid_lft 79729sec preferred_lft 79729sec inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fec9:c704/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 08:00:27:48:f4:2c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.56.171/24 brd 192.168.56.255 scope global noprefixroute eth1 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fe48:f42c/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever4: docker0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default link/ether 02:42:85:ac:18:8b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 172.17.0.1/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global docker0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::42:85ff:feac:188b/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever[root@h171 ~]# cat /etc/centos-releaseCentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core) [root@h171 ~]# docker versionClient: Version: 18.03.1-ce API version: 1.37 Go version: go1.9.5 Git commit: 9ee9f40 Built: Thu Apr 26 07:20:16 2018 OS/Arch: linux/amd64 Experimental: false Orchestrator: swarmServer: Engine: Version: 18.03.1-ce API version: 1.37 (minimum version 1.12) Go version: go1.9.5 Git commit: 9ee9f40 Built: Thu Apr 26 07:23:58 2018 OS/Arch: linux/amd64 Experimental: false[root@h171 ~]# 安装 neo4j
这里我准备直接使用 docker 安装
参考 Start an instance of neo4j
代码语言：javascript
代码运行次数：
运行
复制
[root@h171 ~]# docker run \> --publish=7474:7474 --publish=7687:7687 \> --volume=$HOME/neo4j/data:/data \> neo4jUnable to find image 'neo4j:latest' locallylatest: Pulling from library/neo4jff3a5c916c92: Pull complete 5de5f69f42d7: Pull complete fa7536dd895a: Pull complete 70a9fb6cb502: Pull complete ec1eefcd2625: Pull complete 98725ec0d2cc: Pull complete d6ec8050656b: Pull complete Digest: sha256:abe3297efdcbb683f8a7624a1eab908f738ffcc8769916e02ed7abb464a0d9cbStatus: Downloaded newer image for neo4j:latestActive database: graph.dbDirectories in use: home: /var/lib/neo4j config: /var/lib/neo4j/conf logs: /var/lib/neo4j/logs plugins: /var/lib/neo4j/plugins import: /var/lib/neo4j/import data: /var/lib/neo4j/data certificates: /var/lib/neo4j/certificates run: /var/lib/neo4j/runStarting Neo4j.2018-06-03 04:07:51.785+0000 WARN Unknown config option: causal_clustering.discovery_listen_address2018-06-03 04:07:51.788+0000 WARN Unknown config option: causal_clustering.raft_advertised_address2018-06-03 04:07:51.789+0000 WARN Unknown config option: causal_clustering.raft_listen_address2018-06-03 04:07:51.789+0000 WARN Unknown config option: ha.host.coordination2018-06-03 04:07:51.789+0000 WARN Unknown config option: causal_clustering.transaction_advertised_address2018-06-03 04:07:51.789+0000 WARN Unknown config option: causal_clustering.discovery_advertised_address2018-06-03 04:07:51.789+0000 WARN Unknown config option: ha.host.data2018-06-03 04:07:51.790+0000 WARN Unknown config option: causal_clustering.transaction_listen_address2018-06-03 04:07:51.805+0000 INFO ======== Neo4j 3.4.0 ========2018-06-03 04:07:51.841+0000 INFO Starting...2018-06-03 04:07:54.246+0000 INFO Bolt enabled on 0.0.0.0:7687.2018-06-03 04:07:56.874+0000 INFO Started.2018-06-03 04:07:57.821+0000 INFO Remote interface available at http://localhost:7474/2018-06-03 04:11:50.372+0000 ERROR Unexpected error detected in bolt session '0242acfffe110002-00000007-00000001-756de5b38b381bf1-8b9ab9f7'. The client is unauthorized due to authentication failure.org.neo4j.bolt.v1.runtime.BoltConnectionFatality: The client is unauthorized due to authentication failure.at org.neo4j.bolt.v1.runtime.BoltStateMachine.handleFailure(BoltStateMachine.java:740)at org.neo4j.bolt.v1.runtime.BoltStateMachine.handleFailure(BoltStateMachine.java:726)at org.neo4j.bolt.v1.runtime.BoltStateMachine.access$300(BoltStateMachine.java:62)at org.neo4j.bolt.v1.runtime.BoltStateMachine$State$1.init(BoltStateMachine.java:434)at org.neo4j.bolt.v1.runtime.BoltStateMachine.init(BoltStateMachine.java:140)at org.neo4j.bolt.v1.messaging.BoltMessageRouter.lambda$onInit$0(BoltMessageRouter.java:70)at org.neo4j.bolt.runtime.DefaultBoltConnection.processNextBatch(DefaultBoltConnection.java:193)at org.neo4j.bolt.runtime.DefaultBoltConnection.processNextBatch(DefaultBoltConnection.java:143)at org.neo4j.bolt.runtime.ExecutorBoltScheduler.executeBatch(ExecutorBoltScheduler.java:163)at org.neo4j.bolt.runtime.ExecutorBoltScheduler.lambda$null$0(ExecutorBoltScheduler.java:145)at java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture$AsyncSupply.run(CompletableFuture.java:1590)at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)2018-06-03 04:30:03.561+0000 ERROR Unexpected error detected in bolt session '0242acfffe110002-00000007-00000002-b826c79acbf8cb12-f0d52ae4'. The client is unauthorized due to authentication failure.org.neo4j.bolt.v1.runtime.BoltConnectionFatality: The client is unauthorized due to authentication failure.at org.neo4j.bolt.v1.runtime.BoltStateMachine.handleFailure(BoltStateMachine.java:740)at org.neo4j.bolt.v1.runtime.BoltStateMachine.handleFailure(BoltStateMachine.java:726)at org.neo4j.bolt.v1.runtime.BoltStateMachine.access$300(BoltStateMachine.java:62)at org.neo4j.bolt.v1.runtime.BoltStateMachine$State$1.init(BoltStateMachine.java:434)at org.neo4j.bolt.v1.runtime.BoltStateMachine.init(BoltStateMachine.java:140)at org.neo4j.bolt.v1.messaging.BoltMessageRouter.lambda$onInit$0(BoltMessageRouter.java:70)at org.neo4j.bolt.runtime.DefaultBoltConnection.processNextBatch(DefaultBoltConnection.java:193)at org.neo4j.bolt.runtime.DefaultBoltConnection.processNextBatch(DefaultBoltConnection.java:143)at org.neo4j.bolt.runtime.ExecutorBoltScheduler.executeBatch(ExecutorBoltScheduler.java:163)at org.neo4j.bolt.runtime.ExecutorBoltScheduler.lambda$null$0(ExecutorBoltScheduler.java:145)at java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture$AsyncSupply.run(CompletableFuture.java:1590)at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)2018-06-03 04:30:13.131+0000 ERROR Unexpected error detected in bolt session '0242acfffe110002-00000007-00000003-ed874af88bf8f074-384516ca'. The client is unauthorized due to authentication failure.org.neo4j.bolt.v1.runtime.BoltConnectionFatality: The client is unauthorized due to authentication failure.at org.neo4j.bolt.v1.runtime.BoltStateMachine.handleFailure(BoltStateMachine.java:740)at org.neo4j.bolt.v1.runtime.BoltStateMachine.handleFailure(BoltStateMachine.java:726)at org.neo4j.bolt.v1.runtime.BoltStateMachine.access$300(BoltStateMachine.java:62)at org.neo4j.bolt.v1.runtime.BoltStateMachine$State$1.init(BoltStateMachine.java:434)at org.neo4j.bolt.v1.runtime.BoltStateMachine.init(BoltStateMachine.java:140)at org.neo4j.bolt.v1.messaging.BoltMessageRouter.lambda$onInit$0(BoltMessageRouter.java:70)at org.neo4j.bolt.runtime.DefaultBoltConnection.processNextBatch(DefaultBoltConnection.java:193)at org.neo4j.bolt.runtime.DefaultBoltConnection.processNextBatch(DefaultBoltConnection.java:143)at org.neo4j.bolt.runtime.ExecutorBoltScheduler.executeBatch(ExecutorBoltScheduler.java:163)at org.neo4j.bolt.runtime.ExecutorBoltScheduler.lambda$null$0(ExecutorBoltScheduler.java:145)at java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture$AsyncSupply.run(CompletableFuture.java:1590)at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748).........进行访问
需要密码进行登录
因为没配置密码，所以无法登录
配置密码重装
容器的好处就体现出来了，不满意干掉重来的成本特别低
在生产和测试环境中就这一点好处就可以优化掉很多不必要的 troubleshooting 时间
先清理残存
代码语言：javascript
代码运行次数：
运行
复制
[root@h171 ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES17fad3e36cea neo4j "/sbin/tini -g -- /d…" 29 minutes ago Exited (0) 5 seconds ago dazzling_babbage9141a1590781 hello-world "/hello" 2 hours ago Exited (0) 2 hours ago relaxed_ardinghelli[root@h171 ~]# docker rm 17fad3e36cea17fad3e36cea[root@h171 ~]# lsanaconda-ks.cfg neo4j original-ks.cfg[root@h171 ~]# rm neo4j/ -rf [root@h171 ~]# lsanaconda-ks.cfg original-ks.cfg[root@h171 ~]#再一次带入密码配置
代码语言：javascript
代码运行次数：
运行
复制
[root@h171 ~]# docker run --publish=7474:7474 --publish=7687:7687 --volume=$HOME/neo4j/data:/data --env NEO4J_AUTH=neo4j/abc123 neo4jChanged password for user 'neo4j'.Active database: graph.dbDirectories in use: home: /var/lib/neo4j config: /var/lib/neo4j/conf logs: /var/lib/neo4j/logs plugins: /var/lib/neo4j/plugins import: /var/lib/neo4j/import data: /var/lib/neo4j/data certificates: /var/lib/neo4j/certificates run: /var/lib/neo4j/runStarting Neo4j.2018-06-03 04:47:08.156+0000 WARN Unknown config option: causal_clustering.discovery_listen_address2018-06-03 04:47:08.160+0000 WARN Unknown config option: causal_clustering.raft_advertised_address2018-06-03 04:47:08.160+0000 WARN Unknown config option: causal_clustering.raft_listen_address2018-06-03 04:47:08.160+0000 WARN Unknown config option: ha.host.coordination2018-06-03 04:47:08.160+0000 WARN Unknown config option: causal_clustering.transaction_advertised_address2018-06-03 04:47:08.160+0000 WARN Unknown config option: causal_clustering.discovery_advertised_address2018-06-03 04:47:08.160+0000 WARN Unknown config option: ha.host.data2018-06-03 04:47:08.161+0000 WARN Unknown config option: causal_clustering.transaction_listen_address2018-06-03 04:47:08.178+0000 INFO ======== Neo4j 3.4.0 ========2018-06-03 04:47:08.227+0000 INFO Starting...2018-06-03 04:47:10.872+0000 INFO Bolt enabled on 0.0.0.0:7687.2018-06-03 04:47:13.187+0000 INFO Started.2018-06-03 04:47:14.157+0000 INFO Remote interface available at http://localhost:7474/.........关于 neo4j 容器的简单配置可以参考 This section describes how to run Neo4j in a Docker container
再次登录
输入密码后
这就代表 neo4j 已经正常安装了
总结
使用容器构建应用
是目前所有构建方式中最简单高效的
这代表着软件基础架构的未来
